Detailed Press Tool or Die

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What is Press?

Press is a machine that changes the shape of a workpiece by the application of pressure.

Presses can be classified according to their mechanism: Mechanical, Hydraulic, and Pneumatic.

Functions: Forging press, stamping press, Press brakes, Punch Press, etc.

Machine related terminologies:

• Bolster
• Shut height
• Die cushion
• Daylight

Bolster 

• It is the bed of the machine which facilitates mounting of the bottom die in the machine.
•  Bolster varies in sizes and allows die cushion applications.
• Bolster dimensions needs to be considered while designing the Press Tool.

Daylight 

• The distance from the bed surface to the lower face of the RAM when the slide is at bottom and adjustment is at the lowest position is the minimum Daylight.

• When Ram adjustment is in topmost position then it is maximum Daylight.

Die cushion  system

• Die cushion system is a key to control material flow and resulting draw panel quality.
• Important aspects of cushion systems are cushion force, cushion movement, and cushion pin height adjustment.

What is the Press tool or die?

Press tools or die are used in press machines to produce sheet metal components.

Generally, press tools are classified on the basis of the Cutting tool and Non-cutting tool.

• Cutting Press Tool
• Non-cutting Press tool

Cutting Press tools are used where shearing is required for producing sheet metal components.
Non-Cutting press tools are used for forming to producing sheet metal components.

Cutting tools are blanking tools, piercing tools, trimming, parting off, notching, etc.
Non-cutting press tools are drawing, forming, bending, lancing, etc.

Press tool or die  related terminologies:

• Guide pillar set
• Die block and punch
• stripper
• guide plate
• Stopper
• Cutting clearance

Guide Pillar & Guide Bush 

• Used for alignment the top and bottom halves of the press tools.
• Advantages are Improve the accuracy of the tool, Minimum set up time, improved quality, and life.

Die & Punch

• Punch and die are the male and female part of the complete die respectively.
• Punches are categorized into three types: cutting punches (piercing, blanking, notching, trimming), Non-cutting punches (forming, bending, drawing ), and hybrid punches (Shear, form, punch and trim). 
• In piercing, Piercing punch = pierced hole size.
• In blanking, Blanking die = blank size